Tramadol is used to treat post-operative, injury-related, and chronic (e.g. cancer-related) pain in dogs and cats [2] as well as rabbits, coatis, many rodents including rats and flying squirrels, guinea pigs, ferrets and raccoons. Tramadol comes in ampoules in addition to the tablets, capsules, powder for reconstitution and oral syrups and liquids; the fact that its characteristic taste is not very bitter and can be masked in food and diluted in water makes for a number of means of administration. No data which would lead to a definitive determination of the efficacy and safety of tramadol in reptiles or amphibians is available at this time, and following the pattern of all other drugs it appears that tramadol can be used to relieve pain in marsupials such as North American opossums, Short-Tailed Opossums, sugar gliders, wallabies, and kangaroos amongst others.